At Masaesyles · Numidie n Lɣarb
Syphax
Agellid aneɛɛam aktar di Numidie, tamanaɣt-is Siga syen Cirta. Ṛuma d Qarṭaǧ ssutrent-t, maca yefra ɣer Qarṭaǧ mi izewweǧ Sophonisbe. Yettwanneɣ di 203, yețwawwi d aḥbis ɣer Italya.
Qarṭaǧ · Numidie
? – 203 uq.Ɛ.
Sophonisbe
Yelli-s n Hasdrubal mmi-s n Giscon, tagellidt n Numidie snat n tikkal deg kra n iseggasen : tudert-is tella d sebba n tdiblumasit tapunikt deg umennuɣ apunik wis sin — tamettant-is, d yiwen n ugdil.
206
Scipion d Hasdrubal ttwaqeblen deg yiwen wass sɣur Syphax
2
igelliden inumidiyen i tezweǧ : Syphax, syen Masinissa
1
n wussan gar aṭṭef n Cirta d tmeɣra-ines akked Masinissa
203
uq.Ɛ. : lkas n ssem
Tabennant n tdukla
Azal n umennuɣ
Yelli-s n uqayed Hasdrubal mmi-s n Giscon, i yineɣlin lɛesker tipunikiyen di Hispania, Sophonisbe tella seg yiwet n twaculin timeqqranin n Qarṭaǧ. Tettwaselmed, tettwassen s lǧamal-is, maca urɛad tella d taḥerɛa kan : tella d azal ameqqran deg umennuɣ.
Zzwaǧ-is akked Syphax, agellid n At Masaesyles, mačči d lameɛna n wul maca d lxedma tameqqrant : issuref agellid aneɛɛam di Numidie akked lxiyala-ines ɣer Qarṭaǧ, deg lweqt i deg Ṛuma theggi aṭṭef n Tefriqt.
Lsas : axxam n Hasdrubal mmi-s n GisconAddad : tagellidt n Numidie
Isem-is apunik
Ṣapanbaʿal
« Sophonisbe » d talɣa tagrikt akked talatinit n yisem apunik, ahat Ṣapanbaʿal, « Baal iḥerz ».
Izmaz
Tudert deg umennuɣ
Taggara n lqern wis 3Talalit di Qarṭaǧ — Yelli-s n Hasdrubal mmi-s n Giscon. Akken i d-yeqqaṛ Appien, tella-d yakan tweɛɛed i Masinissa, agellid amecṭuḥ anumidi i yettwarbba di Qarṭaǧ.
206 uq.Ɛ.Taɣmert tanumidit — Yettwanneɣ di Ilipa, Hasdrubal yeffeɣ seg Hispania. Nețța d Scipion ttwaqeblen deg yiwen wass sɣur Syphax di Siga : yal yiwen yebɣa tadukla tanumidit.
v. 205Tagellidt n At Masaesyles — Hasdrubal yefka yelli-s i Syphax, i yeǧǧan tadukla-ines d Ṛuma. Masinissa, yettwakksen seg tgelda-ines, yedduked akked Scipion.
204Ṛuma di Tefriqt — Scipion yers-d qrib i Utique.
203Iqamen deg tmes — Scipion isseṛɣ deg yiḍ iqamen n Hasdrubal akked Syphax, syen yeqhheṛ-iten di Grandes Plaines.
203Aɣelluy n Cirta — Syphax yettwaṭṭef sɣur Laelius d Masinissa ; Cirta teldi tiwwura-ines. Sophonisbe tḥellel Masinissa akken ur tt-yețțak ara i Iṛumaniyen : izewweǧ yid-s ass-nni direct.
203Afran aneggaru — Scipion yessuter-itt-id d lɣella n ugdud aṛumi, i Triyunf. Masinissa, yebḍa wul-is, yazen-as-d lkas n ssem. Tesw-it.
202Deffir-s — Hannibal yettwanneɣ di Zama ; Masinissa yuɣal d agellid n Numidie meṛṛa, amdakel n Ṛuma. Syphax yemmut d aḥbis di Italya.
Gar sin igelliden
Snat tgeldiwin tinumidiyin ssetqayant ɣef tmurt ; Ṛuma d Qarṭaǧ ssetqayant ɣef Yinumidiyen.
At Massyles · Numidie n Ccerq
Masinissa
Amdakel aqbur n Qarṭaǧ di Hispania, Syphax yekkes-as tagelda-ines, yefra ɣer Ṛuma. Amenɛam akked Laelius, izewweǧ Sophonisbe, syen ilaq-as ad t-yefk i Scipion. Ad igellid armi d 148 uq.Ɛ.
Afran aneggaru
Lkas n ssem
I Scipion, yelli-s n Hasdrubal, i yekksen Syphax ɣef Ṛuma, telha i ugdud aṛumi : ilaq ad teddu deg Triyunf-is. Masinissa ur izmir ara a tt-isellek, ur izmir ara daɣen ad yagi.
Yazen-as ssem s ufus n uqeddac. Sophonisbe teqbel-it am « tikci n tmeɣra » tesw-it war ma tergigi, tefren tamettant wala ssnasel n webrid n Triyunf aṛumi.
Accipio nuptiale munus, neque ingratum, si nihil maius vir uxori praestare potuit. Hoc tamen nuntia, melius me morituram fuisse si non in funere meo nupsissem.
« Qebleɣ tikci-agi n tmeɣra, s lǧamila, ma argaz-iw ur yezmir ara ad as-yefk ayen ifazen i tmeṭṭut-is. Maca ini-as belli ad mmteɣ s lḥurma tugar lemma ur zewǧeɣ ara ass n temdint-iw. »
Beɛd tiqsiṭ taṛumit
Sophonisbe ur tettwassen ara ala s wawal n yiɛdawen-is.
Azal asertan
D « tafettana » ?
Tite-Live isseqqar-d Syphax yellan d aḥbis belli tella d lmeḥna-ines, tin i t-ikksen seg tdukla n Ṛuma. Abeggen n Sophonisbe d tafettana yesellek asefhem n tbeddla n Yinumidiyen. Maca nezmer a nwali deg-s tadiblumasit yefhamen mliḥ, i yessnen belli anɛam n Ṛuma d aɣelluy n Qarṭaǧ.
Lḥurma tapunikt
Yiwen n Ugdil
Tefren lkas n ssem wala ssnasel n Triyunf aṛumi, teḥrez lḥurma n Qarṭaǧ armi d ineffas-ines ineggura — tigawt i d-tesbedd tsekla tureppit abeḥri war ma teḥbes.
Tiɣbula d Yikasiwen
Seg wansa i d-tekka tmusni-agi
Tite-Live, idlisen XXVIII–XXXAmezruy n Ṛuma : tiqsiṭ tagejdant n tudert-is d tmettant-is, s wawalen-ines ineggura (XXX, 12–15).
Appien, LibycaTamuɣli-nniḍen : Sophonisbe tweɛɛed uqbel i Masinissa, tiddyen n uɣelluy n Cirta.
Polybe, ImezruyenLɣerba tasertant n tdukla tinumidiyin deg umennuɣ apunik wis sin.
Diodore de SicileTiqsiṭ tawezlant mgal-itt, i d-yeqqimen d iḥricen kan.
Agla
Taḥerɛa n lmeḥna
Aɛlam n urgagi apunik, afran-ines aneggaru d lḥurma zdat tneɣruft. Seg Renaissance, tamettant-is tella d yiwen seg isental imeqqranen n tragidya, lopera d tawlaft.
Trissino, 1515
Sofonisba, yiwet seg tragidyat tamezwarut « iqamen » s tutlayt talyanit.
Mairet, 1634
La Sophonisbe, tiɣri tameqqrant deg tragidya taklasikt tafransist.
Corneille, 1663
Sophonisbe, tagellidt i yesɛan lmeɛna n lḥurma-ines ugar n lmeḥbuba-ines.
Thomson, 1730
The Tragedy of Sophonisba, di Lingliz.
Gluck, 1744
Sofonisba, lopera i d-yettwaxelqen di Milan ; ad d-yilin Traetta (1762) deffir-s.
Voltaire, 1770
Tura-tt-id ɣer deffir n tmacahutt n Mairet.
Tawlaft
Mattia Preti, Giambattista Pittoni akked waṭas wiyaḍ sewlafen « tamettant n Sophonisbe ».
Pour aller plus loinSources de cette page
6 références
Sources antiques
- Tite-Live, Amezruy n ṚumaXXVIII–XXX ; XXX, 12–15 — tiqsiṭ tagejdant, awalen ineggura n Sophonisbe
- Appien d'Alexandrie, Libyca — Sophonisbe tweɛɛed i Masinissa ; aɣelluy n Cirta
- Polybe, Imezruyen — lɣerba n tdukla tinumidiyin
- Diodore de Sicile, Lmaktaba n Umezruy — tiqsiṭ tawezlant mgal-itt, d iḥricen
Travaux modernes
- Serge Lancel, Carthage, Fayard, 1992 — adlis n lqima n tbibliyugrafit n usmel
- Yann Le Bohec, Histoire militaire des guerres puniques, Éditions du Rocher, 2003 — adlis n lqima n tbibliyugrafit n usmel
