Teɣleb ssɛaya-ines Ṛuma
Ternad snat tikwal, Qarṭaǧ tettuɣal tenker. D ssɛaya-ines, ugar n lseɣ-ines, i d-yuɣalen d ahaǧas i Ṛuma.
n yimezdaɣ ass uqbel 149 ɣef leḥsab n Strabun — uṭṭun ahat yemɣaṛ
n lfeṭṭa yal ass (≈ 100 kg): ayen i d-yeffeɣ seg lbir n Baebelo i Hanibal, ɣef leḥsab n Plin Amɣar
talanṭ n lexlaṣ i gettwasbedden deg 201 uqbel Ɛisa, ɣef 50 iseggasen (≈ 260 d ṭunan n lfeṭṭa)
seld-asen, Qarṭaǧ tessumer ad texles kullec s yiwet n tikkelt
Abrid ɣer uɣelluy, seg tegzirin n Egadi ar 146
- 241
Lfatura tamezwarut
Terna di tegzirin n Egadi, Qarṭaǧ teǧǧa Sqilliya. Amɣiwan isbedd 2 200 n talanṭ ɣef ɛecrin iseggasen; aɣref aṛumi issaɣ-it ɣer 3 200 n talanṭ ɣef mraw iseggasen (Bulib).
- 237
Aker n Sardinya
S tɛawant n umennuɣ n Iɛeskriyen Uqeṛḍasen, Ṛuma teṭṭef Sardinya tessutur 1 200 n talanṭ nniḍen s ttaẓ n umennuɣ. Ula Bulib yesteqsa ɣef lḥaq deg waya.
- 201
Talwit akken ad tḥuda Qarṭaǧ
Seld Zama: asutel n yibabuṛen yeqqim ala s mraw, ilfan ttunefken, 100 n iḥebsiyen, ur yezmir ara ad yexdem amennuɣ war tsentem n Ṛuma, d 10 000 n talanṭ n lfeṭṭa ara ixelsen deg 50 iseggasen.
- 196
Hanibal d asufeṭ
Yettwafren d amenẓaw amenzu, yenɣa fell-as rrecwa n yimeqqranen, yessken-d dakken lexlaṣ n tmurt yezmer ad ixelleṣ Ṛuma war tabzert tamaynut (Titus Livyus). Icenfiren-is ttuɣalen-t-id ɣer Ṛuma; iṛuḥ ɣer unebdu deg 195.
- 191
« Nezmer ad nxelleṣ kullec »
Ɣef leḥsab n Titus Livyus, Qarṭaǧ tessumer ad texles ayen i d-yeqqimen s yiwet n tikkelt. Ṛuma tugi: ṭṭayn-agi yella daɣen d azrar.
- ~150
Tiẓurin n Katun
Yuɣal-d seg usiwel ɣer Tafrikt, Katun yessers deg Usqamu tiẓurin mazal-itent froẖ: tamurt-agi i tent-id-yessefraḥen, inna-d, ur tezri ara ɣer tlata n wussan s lebḥer (Plutark, Plin). Timnazaɛt d taɛamart, daɣen tqeṛṛeb aṭas. Seg assen, iseggem yal adiwenni-s s usutur n uhuddu n Qarṭaǧ.
- 151–150
Ssebba tanumidit
Lexlaṣ aneggaru n lexlaṣ yettwaxelles. Yettwaḥkem fell-as sɣur Masinisa, Qarṭaǧ tessers aɛesskar akken ad tḥader iman-is war tsentem n Ṛuma — ayen ixulfen amɣiwan n 201 yefkan i Ṛuma ssebba n umennuɣ.
- 149
Uminti
Ɣef leḥsab n Appyan, Qarṭaǧ tefka 300 n warrac d iḥebsiyen, sakin 200 000 n ssla d 2 000 n tmesnin… send ma Ṛuma tesra fell-as ad teǧǧ tamdint teɣres ɣer 80 n listadyat (≈ 15 km) seg lebḥer. Agdel: tamdint tḥuder iman-is tlata iseggasen, armi 146.
Acuɣeṛ annect-agi n ttbaɛ?
Iɣbula iqdimen s yiman-nsen skanayen aṭas n ssebbat — kkulhent n Ṛuma.
« Ilaq ad tettwahudd Qarṭaǧ »
Ceterum censeo Carthaginem esse delendam.
Plutark yeqqar-d dakken Katun ad ifak yal avis-ines s lexṭaṛ-agi; tanfalit talatinit ismawen-ines d tiddit i d-ixedmen ɣer deffir. « Carthago delenda est » d lqaɛt-ines tawezzlant.
Tikta yelhan n lxuf
Deg Usqamu, Nasika yettara-d belli ilaq ad tqqim Qarṭaǧ: lxuf seg tmenɣaṣt (metus Punicus) yettḥareb ṭṭbiɛa n Ṛumaniyen. Salust ad d-yini ɣer deffir belli asmi i tenger Qarṭaǧ, d asmi i tebda trusi n Ṛuma.
Tamdint yesɛan ugar n ssɛaya deg umaḏal
D anaẓur n uhuzi, Bulib yeqqar-d dakken tettwassen d tamdint yesɛan ugar n ssɛaya deg umaḏal. Seld 146, Usqamu yessuqel ula d adlis n Magun ɣef tfellaḥt ɣer talatinit: Ṛuma tḥuda timnazaɛt-is maca teṭṭef tamusni-ines.
Sin n yiḥricen i wudem n wudem
| Qarṭaǧ | Ṛuma | |
|---|---|---|
| Ssɛaya | Tekka-d seg ttjara n lebḥer d tfellaḥt | Tekka-d seg lɣaci d lexlaṣ |
| Aɛesskar | Iɛeskriyen uqeṛḍasen n ṣṣina | Imezdaɣ-iɛeskriyen (lijyuner) |
| Lbabuṛ | Azal ameqqran deg lebḥer seg zik | Asutel yettwabnan deg tmenɣut tamezwarut tapunikt |
| Anabaḏ | Isufaṭ, tanmahelt n ttjara | Iqenṣulen, imeqqranen n leṣl |
| Idrimen | Iliktrum, ddheb, lfeṭṭa, nnḥas | Adrim n lfeṭṭa (denye) |
Pour aller plus loinSources de cette page
7 références
Sources antiques
- Bulib, ImezruyenI, 62–63 ; I, 88 ; III, 10 ; XV, 18 ; XVIII, 35 — lexlaṣ n 241 d 201, Sardinya (237), « tamdint yesɛan ugar n ssɛaya deg umaḏal »
- Titus Livyus, Amezruy aṛumiXXXIII, 46–47 ; XXXVI, 4 — Hanibal d asufeṭ; tasumert n lexlaṣ uzrib
- Plutark, Tudert n Katun Amɣar27 — tiẓurin n Katun, tiririt n Sisibyu Nasika
- Plin Amɣar, Amezruy n tɣawsiwin n ṭṭbiɛaXV, 74–76 ; XVIII, 22 ; XXXIII, 96–97 — tiẓurin n Katun, tasuqilt n Magun, lbir n Baebelo
- Strabun, TasnigrafitXVII, 3, 15 — 700 000 n yimezdaɣ deg 149
- Appyan, Libika — iḥebsiyen, tukksa n ṣṣla d uminti n 149
- Salust, Amennuɣ n Jugurta ; Tuɣdemt n KatilinaJug. 41 ; Cat. 10 — tuɣalin n Qarṭaǧ d tazwara n trusi n Ṛuma